Probing is a real profession in EVE, and many operations need pilots that are good at scanning. If you want to commit to this or just want to have a perfect scanning clone, you might want to have a look at the specialized implants:

Slot 1 Low-grade Virtue Alpha +1% scan strength

Slot 2 Low-grade Virtue Beta +2% scan strength

Slot 3 Low-grade Virtue Gamma +3% scan strength

Slot 4 Low-grade Virtue Delta +4% scan strength

Slot 5 Low-grade Virtue Epsilon +5% scan strength

Slot 6
Poteque 'Prospector' Astrometric Pinpointing AP-602
A neural Interface upgrade that boosts the pilots scanning skills.
2% reduction in maximum scan deviation.

Poteque 'Prospector' Astrometric Pinpointing AP-606
A neural Interface upgrade that boosts the pilots scanning skills.
6% reduction in maximum scan deviation.

Poteque 'Prospector' Astrometric Pinpointing AP-610
A neural Interface upgrade that boosts the pilots scanning skills.
10% reduction in maximum scan deviation.

Slot 7
Poteque 'Prospector' Astrometric Acquisition AQ-702
A neural Interface upgrade that boosts the pilots scanning skills.
2% reduction in probe scanning time.

Poteque 'Prospector' Astrometric Acquisition AQ-706
A neural Interface upgrade that boosts the pilots scanning skills.
6% reduction in probe scanning time.

Poteque 'Prospector' Astrometric Acquisition AQ-710
A neural Interface upgrade that boosts the pilots scanning skills.
10% reduction in probe scanning time.

Slot 8
Poteque 'Prospector' Astrometric Rangefinding AR-802
A neural Interface upgrade that boosts the pilots scanning skills.
2% stronger scanning strength with scan probes.

Poteque 'Prospector' Astrometric Rangefinding AR-806
A neural Interface upgrade that boosts the pilots scanning skills.
6% stronger scanning strength with scan probes.

Poteque 'Prospector' Astrometric Rangefinding AR-810
A neural Interface upgrade that boosts the pilots scanning skills.
10% stronger scanning strength with scan probes.

Slot 9
Poteque 'Prospector' Archaeology AC-905
A neural Interface upgrade that boosts the pilots exploration skills.
+5 Virus Coherence bonus for Relic Analyzers.

Poteque 'Prospector' Hacking HC-905
A neural Interface upgrade that boosts the pilots exploration skills.
+5 Virus Coherence bonus for Data Analyzers.

Poteque 'Prospector' Salvaging SV-905
A neural Interface upgrade that boosts the pilots exploration skills.
5% increase in chance of salvage retrieval.

Slot 10 
Poteque 'Prospector' Environmental Analysis EY-1005
A neural interface upgrade that boosts the pilot's skill at environmental analysis.
5% reduction in cycle time of salvage, hacking and archaeology modules.
+5 Virus Coherence bonus for Data and Relic Analyzers.

Notes:
The work in addition to your trained skills. As max trained skills there isn't anything that you can't scan down in Eve. These implants just make it easier and faster.

Life saving tip # 1: hold down the SHIFT key + click and drag to move all probes in space at the same time.

Life saving tip # 2: hold down the ALT key + click and drag to make all probes expand or contract relatively to their current positions.

If you have decided on a signal move the probe formation so that its center covers your intended target. In the center all your probes overlap and this where they will give you the most accurate results.

1. To rotate the map left click and hold then move the mouse
2. To move the map right click and hold then move the mouse
3. To zoom in out use the middle mouse roller 

Zooming in...

There are five signal strength stages to narrowing down a target. As you click on the list of signals discovered the overview will show:

1. A red globe: one probe has picked up on the signal, the size of the globe shows roughly how far from the probe the signal is. 
2. A red circle: two probes have picked up the signal. The circle indicates the overlapping part of both probes. 
3. A red dot: three probes have picked up on the signal, and you know the exact location but the signal is still too weak to lock the warp drive on to. 
4. A yellow dot: you are getting closer. This dot will also not move around too much anymore, unlike red dots. 
5. A green dot: 100% signal strength, the warp drive will lock on and you can jump to the target. 

Keep moving the probes so that the signal is covered by the center of the layout.

Hold the SHIFT key and hold the mouse over the outer edge of one of the probes until it lights up. Then click and move the mouse to shrink (or expand) the scan radius.

After you have shrunk the radius you need to move all probes closer together so that they overlap again in the search pattern. Then hold SHIFT and move them so that the center covers the signal.

Use the arrows on side of the probes for moving them. By using the arrows the probe will only move in a single X or Y direction, and stay in the same Z. If instead you click on the square center of the probe indicator it will move the probe in all 3 axes, likely ending it up somewhere completely unwanted. 

Hit analyze, and repeat the above steps until you have a lock. If you started at 16 AU, then go down to 8 AU, 4 AU, 2 AU, 1 AU and 0.5 AU. Depending on your equipment and skills you can start locking down targets from about 2 AU. 

You wanted to know how and why I can scan so fast...now you know :-)